Skylight and roofing construction



March 2 1926.

L. BAUMGARTL SKYLIGHT AND ROOFING CONSTRUCTION 2 eats-Sheet 1 Filed July2, 1925 l Illlmlh HIIHHI NIH I1 l ulfw MC2/z asses March 2 19%.

L.. BAUMGARTL HT AND ROIOFING CONSTRUCTION SKYLIG Filed July 2 1925 2Sheets-Sheet 2 V menty Patented Mar. ZZ, 192.6.

entre@ stares renato PATENT oFFIcE.

LEROY BAUMGARTL,

SKYLIGHT AND ROOFING CONSTRUCTION.

Application filed July 2, 1925. Serial No. 41,090.

To all whom t may concern:

Be it known that I, LEROY BAUMGARTL, a citizen of the United States ofAmerica, and a resident of Chicago, co-unty of Cook, and State ofIllinois, have invented a new and useful Improvement in Skylight andItoofing Constructions, of which the following is a specification.

This invention relates to roofing and skylight construction of thegeneral character referred to in my Patents Nos. 1,195,643 and 1,417,487to the structure and manner of connecting preformed cementitious panelunits or tiles; and to methods and means for mounting glass or windowpanes, especially in skylights, and more particularly to such devices ofmoisture shedding character in which the frame is made of cementitiousmaterial, suoli as concrete or the like. Heretofore window paneshavebeen set in concrete frames in various ways, but so far as I am aware nomeans have heretofore been devised wholly avoiding certain seriousdefects, chief of which have been leakage of rain and cracking of theglass. Condensation of moisture and consequent dripping of water hasalso been the source of much inconvenience and trouble, as by damaginggoods and materials located under skylights. Defective joints forabutting and overlapping panels are a source of trouble. I seek toovercome all of these diiiculties.

The main objects of the invention are to provide an improved form andarrangeof preformed roof panels and means for connecting and sealing thesame in a weather-proof manner; to provide an improved construction forskylight panels and methods and means for securing panes of glasstherein respectively in a water-tight manner, and adapted to accommodatemaximum relative expansion and contraction of the glass and frame; andto provide irnproved and more effective means for eliminating themoisture of condensation from the inner side of the panels whenassembled in a roof structure.

An illustrative embodiment of this invention is shown by theaccompanying drawings, in which 0F CHICAGO, ILLINOIS, ASSIGNOR TOFEDERAL CEMENT TILE Fig. 1 is a vertical cross section through Y a roofstructure, on the line 1-1 of Fig. 2.

Fig. 2 is a fragmentary top view of the roof shown in Fig. 1.

Fig. 3 is an isometric view of a skylight panel comprising a preformedcementitious frame having a glass panel set therein.

Fig. 4 is an isometric view of a solid panel adapted forinterchangeability relative to the panel of Fig. 3.

Fig. 5 is a vertical section on the line 5-5 of Fig. 2.

Fig. 6 is a vertical section on the line 6446 of Fig. 2.

Fig. 7 is a section on the line 7-7 of Fig. 2. f f

Fig. 8 is a section on the line 8 8 of Fig. 2.

Fig. 9 is a section on the line 9-9 of Fig. 2. 1

Fig. 1() is a magnified section on the line 10-10 of Fig. 5 to show theyyielding antifriction lining of the weep hole or moisture outlet.

In the construction shown in the drawings, suflicient of the buildingframe 1 is shown to illustrate how the panels are applied. In cludes aplurality of horizontally disposed bars or carlines 2, on which thepanels 3 and 4 are mounted, being laid thereon and held in place mainlyor wholly by gravity.

The solid panels 3 and the skylight panels 4 may be arranged in anymanner desired,

but for illustrative purposes I have shown merely a middle horizontalro-w of skylight panels 4, with top and bottom rows of solid' panels 3above and below the panels 4. Y

Successive courses'of panels are arranged in mutually staggeredrelation, beginning at the bottom, so as to break joints and produce thebest form of roof, each successive course at its lower edge overlappingthe `up-l per edge of the preceding course, substantially as shown inFig. 2. Referring now to the panels shown in Figs. 3 and 4, it is toy beobserved that each panel at its upper edge is provided with a downwardlyturned fiange 5 to hook over the adjacent bar 2 for supporting the panelagainst sliding downthis instance the roofframe 1n-l wardly toward theeaves, the lower edge of the panel being substantially plane on itsunder side to overlap and rest upon the next lower panel and bar 2, onwhich it rests. The vertical joints between adjacent panels areillustrated by Figs. 7, 8 and 9. Here the two adjacent skylight panels4- abutsubstantially together, with a slight clearance at 6 toaccommodate expansion. The upper sides of the panel edges projectupwardly somewhat to provide longitudinal flanges 7, which are suitablybeveled, as at 8, to accommodate the introduction of a sealing filler 9of plastic material, adapted to produce a water-tight and weather-proofjoint.

The peripheral frame 10 of these panels s; is precast of cement,concrete or the like, and is provided with an interior edge groove 11 toaccommodate the edges of the glass panel 12.

In order to best assure a tight and perma nent sealing for the glass, itis set in place in the process of moldingso that when the 'cement is setit is secured permanently in place, a strip or layer of plasticcementitious material of elastic or yielding material 13 beinginterposed between the glass and the frame to serve substantially as acushioning gasket to protect the glass from rupture by expansionstresses, and to render the skylight weatherproof in every respect.y y

In order to prevent t-he collection of moisl ture and dripping thereoffrom' the panel,

a moisture collecting trough 14 is molded in the upper edge of the lowerportion of the panel frame adjacent to the lower edge of the glass forycollecting the moisture which condenses on the inner side of the paneand runs down thereon. A moisture outlet or weep hole 15 is formed inthe frame member, extending diagonally outward to discharge at the loweredge of the panel onto the next lower'panel.

It is to be noted that the panels 3 and l are adapted to accommodate thestaggered relation shown in Fig. 2, by reason of the vertical groove 16on the under side at the lower edge to receive the upstanding ridgeforming joint members 7 of the next lower adjacent course of panels.Moreover, for the sake of reinforcement, the wall is curved upwardly at17 over these grooves, and in the case of the solid panels 3 thisrib-like formation 17 extends nearly to the upper edge.

Referring to the joint sealing material, it is to be understood that forthe purpose of economy', as well also as elicient sealing purposes, theinner part of the seal may consist' of a relatively crude or inexpensivefiller, while the outer part or surface layer may be of a more refinedand expensive nature, better adapted to resist the elements and vpreventcracking or other deterioration.

Referring to the construction of the panels 4, the sealing material 13extending around the rim of the glass, it should be noted, extends overa suilicient border Zone to stand out free from the adjacent inner edgeof the cement on both sides ofthe glass whereby there is ample clearancebetween the cement and the glass. This is desirable in order to preventany possibility of the cement com- -mg in contact with or setting on theglass l1n the process of manufacture of these panels.

It is to be understood that in the manufacture of the skylight panelsherein referred to, the bottom half or inside portion of the frame ismolded by pouring cement into a rectangular mold having a raised centerof suitable size, whereby the cement assumes a rectangular openframe-like shape. Then after applying a striker to produce the propersurface, a pane of glass which has been dipped on all four sides in ayieldingly cementitious material, such as biturnen, asphalt or the likeAis inserted, and after covering the glass plate with a sheet of metalto protect the same from cement,

' and a central core block being placed on said plate, another batch ofcement is poured intothe mold whereby the frame is completed. The saidmetal plate is large enough to eX- tend well over the inner edges of thesealing material, whereby the last pouring of cement Ais kept away fromthe glass.

ln order to prevent stoppage of the weep holes 15 by ice in coldweather, they are formed to flare outwardly and downwardly, as shown inFig. 5, and the interior is coated with a smooth setting material 18,preferably somewhat yielding in character, as

for instance an asphalt product or paint, as

shown in Fig. 10.

This lining 18 protects the cement from thc setting or interlocking ofan ice core therein and the consequent splitting of the concrete, andalso facilitates discharge downwardly of the ice'core by the expansiveforce of freezing, whereby clogging of the passage is prevented. Thisaction is conspicuously apparent from the fact that in practice an icecore is sometimes gradually projected for a considerable distance fromthe mouth 15 of the duct.

y Although but one specific embodiment of this invention has been hereinyshown and described, it will be understood that numerous details of theconstruction shown may be altered or omitted without departing from thespirit of this invention as defined by the following claims.

I claim:

1. In a cementitious window sageway for the discharge of passagewaybeing flared downwardly and outwardly and having a coating to preventthe interlocking of an ice core in said passageway.

2. A skylight panel comprising a cernentiteriorly with a coating ofyielding char-` tious frame lin combination with a pane oi acter wherebythe self discharge 0i' ice c01- glass set therein, said frame having amoislecting in said passageway is facilitated. 10 ture collecting pocketon its inner side ad- Signed at Chicago this 29th day of June, jacent tothe lower edge of said pane, and 1925.

a drain passageway extending from said pocket, said passageway beingcoated in- LERCY BAUMGARTL.

